21st Century

The role of women in Peru has remarkably evolved and changed throughout the 21st century. However, in the preceding decades and centuries, women have faced a great deal of injustice and discrimination, which in part is still present in Peruvian society. Because of discrimination, women have historically suffered particularly from poverty and unemployment in the country. These problems have hit women harder due to their caring responsibilities and lower paid employment opportunities. During the 19th century, Peruvian women writers began to advocate for women’s rights in their writings. Feminist writings provoked scandals and strong opinions against and for. Eventually, they played a big role in improving women’s rights in education (National Library of Peru.)

In the 16th century, with the arrival of the Spanish, by the capitulation of Toledo, in 1529, the crown of Spain authorized the conqueror to bring slaves, of which a third had to be women. Generally, Afro-Peruvian women lacked the basics to live. In many cases, alone, she faced life with her children in tow and also with other homeless or unemployed members of her family. The Afro-Peruvian woman fought for the survival of those around her, she did not hesitate to work in whatever the society was willing to offer her. It was a path full of hatred for the Afro-Peruvian woman. They worked for a small daily wage that they collected from penny to penny.

Unfortunately this thought was much worse and was not questionable in ancient times, the task of women was to take care of household chores such as caring for the children, cooking, caring for the husband and other things related to the care and maintenance of the home. Something very important but very rarely talked about is that most women, by only taking care of these activities and not being able to get a job, have to depend economically on their husbands and this is how in the end they are limited to decide about their own lives and this even favors domestic violence in the future.

REFERENCES:

- McKeown, M. (2022, 5 enero). Women Through History: Women’s Experience Through the Ages. Owlcation. Recuperado de https://owlcation.com/humanities/Women-Through-History

- Cevasco, G. (s/f). Gob.pe. Recuperado el 29 de abril de 2022, de https://www2.congreso.gob.pe/sicr/cendocbib/con4_uibd.nsf/C08CBB7DF991A3FF05257B1700675D74/$FILE/BVCI0003574.pdf

- Bastón de Harper's Bazaar. (2017, 8 de marzo). 75 citas feministas empoderadoras de mujeres inspiradoras . El bazar de Harper. https://www.harpersbazaar.com/culture/features/a4056/empowering-female-quotes/

- (S/f-b). Org.mx. Recuperado el 29 de abril de 2022, de https://itaipue.org.mx/documentos/reflexiones/TEXTO.OLGA_MARGOT_LEON.pdf

- (S/f). Org.pe. Recuperado el 28 de abril de 2022, de https://tarea.org.pe/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/Tarea94_02_Jennie_Dador.pdf

- Morán, D., & Aguirre, M. (s/f). Cemhal.org. Recuperado el 28 de abril de 2022, de https://www.cemhal.org/anteriores/2011_2012/No_142.pdf

- National Library of Peru. (s/f). Peruvian female thinkers of the 19th century. Google Arts & Culture. Recuperado el 28 de abril de 2022, de https://artsandculture.google.com/story/peruvian-female-thinkers-of-the-19th-century/PgVxfbTnXZ4yrA

- María Jesús Alvarado, precursora del feminismo en Perú . (s/f). Cddperu.Org. Recuperado el 28 de abril de 2022, de https://www.cddperu.org/es/node/490

- Barrientos Silva, V., & Muñoz Cabrejo, F. (2014). Un bosquejo del feminismo/s peruano/s: los múltiples desafíos. Estudios feministas , 22 (2), 637–645. https://doi.org/10.1590/s0104-026x2014000200015

- Astrid Sanchez F. (2005) La Mujer en el mercado laboral peruano. Ministerio de trabajo y promoción del empleo. Recuperado de https://www.trabajo.gob.pe/archivos/file/estadisticas/peel/documento_mujer/inf_anual_mujer_2005.pdf