BETWEEN THE 1990s and 2000

During the 90's women were a very important pillar in the formation of a family, they were in charge of raising the children, taking care of the husband, cooking, they also did most of the housework and needed to find time to go to work because that was the strength of Peruvian women not to be totally dependent on their husbands. During this time, as already mentioned, forced sterilizations occurred. This situation affected many families so that they could not continue to grow since they had no more children to help them with the work or to help with the household chores and it should be said that these families in their culture, needed a lot of help with the tasks in the field since that was their reason to economically sustain the family. Another problem that affected Peruvian women during these years was family violence, but during 1995, campaigns and solutions began to be implemented in some Andean countries, such as Peru, to eradicate this problem, including the support of the Dutch government to help these women stop violence in their families

Also, women's access to education was improving. However, not all of them had that advantage and opportunity to have quality studies, especially due to an economic issue, since the privatization of education was emphasized during this time. The presence of women who promoted education was more notorious, for example, Josefa Ramirez, researcher and graduate in social work, together with women from Huancabamba created the Permanent Education Program for Andean Women and Youth, strengthening education and rights, particularly for indigenous and Andean women. Additionally, in 1994 UNESCO declared the Nazca Lines as a World Heritage Site thanks to Maria Reiche, who dedicated most of her life to their study. Additionally, women are growing in the Peruvian labor market, although it was only a few years before when they started to be allowed to work, already almost 50% had been working and something curious was that the percentage of men working decreased by 13.7%. A big change in these years was that women started to work in all professions, that means that people's mentality was changing, people started not to see only some professions for women, so women started to study architecture, engineering, and other careers that were thought to be only for men.

References:

Trabajo Social, desarrollo local y educación permanente en la región nor andina del Perú . (s/f). Celats.org. https://www.celats.org/23-publicaciones/nueva-accion-critica-10/299-trabajo-social-desarrollo-local-y-educacion-permanente-en-la%20-regi%C3%B3n-nor-andina

Alberto Chirif (2021) Peru: Forced Sterelizations, in the decade of terror. https://www.iwgia.org/es/documents-and-publications/documents/535-iwgia-per%C3%BA,-las-esterilizaciones-en-la-d%C3%A9cada-del-terror-publicacion-2021/file.html

Avolio, B. (2008), “Women in the labor merchant”, tesis, Lima, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú.